The 10 Most Common Health Problems in Cats and How to Detect Them Early

As responsible cat owners, it's essential to know the warning signs that may indicate health problems. Early detection can make the difference between simple treatment and serious complications. Here are the 10 most common health problems in cats and how to identify them.

1. Chronic Kidney Disease

Warning signs: Increased water consumption, frequent urination, weight loss, vomiting, bad breath, and lethargy.

Kidney disease is especially common in older cats. If you notice your cat drinking more water than usual or using the litter box more frequently, consult your veterinarian immediately.

2. Feline Diabetes

Warning signs: Excessive thirst, frequent urination, increased appetite but weight loss, weakness in hind legs.

Diabetes is more common in overweight cats. Weight control and proper diet are key to prevention.

3. Hyperthyroidism

Warning signs: Weight loss despite eating more, hyperactivity, vomiting, diarrhea, unkempt coat.

This condition primarily affects cats over 8 years old and is caused by an overactive thyroid gland.

4. Feline Lower Urinary Tract Disease (FLUTD)

Warning signs: Difficulty urinating, blood in urine, excessive licking of genital area, urinating outside the litter box, cries of pain.

This is a medical emergency if your cat cannot urinate. Males are especially susceptible to potentially fatal urinary blockages.

5. Dental Disease

Warning signs: Bad breath, red or inflamed gums, difficulty eating, drooling, loss of appetite.

More than 70% of cats over 3 years old have some type of dental disease. Regular dental cleaning is essential.

6. Internal and External Parasites

Warning signs: Vomiting, diarrhea, weight loss, dull coat, excessive scratching, black specks in fur (fleas).

Maintain a regular deworming and flea control program, even for indoor cats.

7. Upper Respiratory Infections

Warning signs: Sneezing, nasal or eye discharge, coughing, fever, loss of appetite.

Common in young cats or those in shelters. Most are viral but may require supportive treatment.

8. Arthritis

Warning signs: Difficulty jumping, stiffness when getting up, less activity, behavioral changes, avoiding the litter box.

Often goes unnoticed because cats hide pain well. Watch for subtle changes in mobility.

9. Obesity

Warning signs: Inability to feel ribs easily, no visible waist, difficulty moving or grooming.

Obesity predisposes to diabetes, arthritis, and liver disease. Portion control is fundamental.

10. Heart Disease

Warning signs: Rapid or labored breathing, lethargy, loss of appetite, pale or bluish gums.

Many cats show no symptoms until advanced stages. Regular veterinary checkups are crucial.

When to See the Veterinarian

Seek immediate veterinary attention if you observe:

• Difficulty breathing
• Inability to urinate
• Seizures
• Trauma or injury
• Persistent vomiting or diarrhea
• Refusal to eat for more than 24 hours
• Extreme lethargy or collapse

Prevention: The Best Medicine

The key to keeping your cat healthy includes:

• Annual veterinary checkups (semi-annual for senior cats)
• Appropriate vaccination
• Weight control and balanced diet
• Regular dental hygiene
• Environmental enrichment and exercise
• Daily observation of behavior and habits

Remember: you know your cat best. Any change in their behavior, appetite, or routine may be a sign that something isn't right. Trust your instinct and don't hesitate to consult your veterinarian with any concerns.

Note: This article is informational and does not replace professional veterinary advice. Always consult with your veterinarian for specific diagnoses and treatments.